論述事物的好處是議論文中經(jīng)常用來支持自己觀點(diǎn)的重要手段，這其中避不開的一個(gè)詞匯就是benefit，但是學(xué)生往往在使用時(shí)出錯(cuò)，且一篇文章中錯(cuò)上好幾次，大有不逼瘋考官誓不罷休的盡頭。使用該詞時(shí)所犯錯(cuò)誤五花八門，且舉兩例：
①M(fèi)ore and more countries are benefit from outer space exploration.
②In addition， exploring outer space will also take a lot of benefits for the people.
為了弄清楚上述句子到底該如何修改并讓學(xué)生記牢benefit的用法，接下來就來詳細(xì)看看這個(gè)詞兒。
Benefit首先可以用為及物動詞，即后面直接跟賓語。其前為帶來好處的人或物，其后為獲益者，即A benefits B。且看如下例句：
③These people include good government officials who try to make policies that benefit the poorer class of society.（這些人中包括一些好的政府官員。他們努力制定造福社會中貧窮階層的政策。）
其次，benefit經(jīng)常與from搭配，表示“從中獲益”。即，A benefits B的對應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)就是B benefits from A。請看例句：
④We need to eliminate the stereotype that women are less intelligent than men so that our community can benefit from the achievements that women are capable of making when armed with education.（我們要消除那種女人沒有男人聰明的定勢思維；這樣一來，當(dāng)女性擁有知識時(shí)，我們的社會就能從她們所能達(dá)成的成就中獲益。）
至此已不難看出句①錯(cuò)在何處了：are benefit from中兩個(gè)動詞，難以容忍。故需要修改為：
More and more countries benefit from outer space exploration.
在句②中，benefit顯然用作了名次。在作名次時(shí)，該詞用法搭配非常多，但是take和benefit并不是句中那樣搭配的。句②的表述實(shí)際上是Chinglish：“也給人們帶去/來很多的好處。”寫作過程中，字對字的漢英翻譯是很危險(xiǎn)的，一不小心，就會由于兩種語言之間的差異而貽笑大方。Take和benefit的正確組合是take benefit from，意思類似take advantage of，表示“利用……之便”。如：
Indonesia must take benefit from its position as a member of G20 countries to gain loans from the International Monetary Fund （IMF） if another crisis strikes again， a senior economist told Xinhua in a recent interview.（意為：一位著名經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家在接受新華社采訪時(shí)表示，如果新的危機(jī)來襲，印度尼西亞必須利用自己G20成員國身份之便從國際貨幣基金組織獲取貸款。）
那么出錯(cuò)的句②到底如何修改才能表達(dá)“太空探索也給人民帶來很多好處”呢？切記：不要字對字翻譯！所謂的“帶來很多好處”也就是benefit一個(gè)動詞而已，即：
In addition， exploring outer space also benefits people a lot.或者：
In addition， people can also benefit a lot from outer space exploration.
所以，benefit的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)非常實(shí)用，建議大家首先將其牢固掌握。如果希望實(shí)現(xiàn)表達(dá)的多樣性，還想在學(xué)有余力的情況下搞定幾個(gè)名詞搭配，那就參考以下的例句吧：
⑤It is undeniable that continuously developing technology has brought tremendous benefits.（表示“帶來巨大好處”，很實(shí)用）
⑥However， it is a little haste to assert students can learn more information and learn it quickly simply because technology helps， since technologies， as always， contribute both benefits and demerits.（表示“既有好處又有壞處”，洋氣的表達(dá)）
⑦The argument might be made that telephones and instant messaging services like MSN and ICQ are equally viable formats for interactive conversation， with the added benefit of being available over long distances.（表示“額外的好處”，值得借鑒）
⑧Consequently， we should develop its strengths and seek to correct the problems it continues to cause in order to reap greater benefits from this tool.（表示“收獲更多利益”，很形象）
⑨Uniforms serve students benefits in several ways.（表示“多方面惠及某人”，用了serve sb sth）
⑩The situation was of no benefit to anyone： the teachers， or the students.（be of great/no benefit to sb，英文寫作重要結(jié)構(gòu)，常見的還有be of great/no importance/value等） |
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